Philosophy of Science, Vol. 50, No. 1 (Mar., 1983), pp. 82-95 (14 pages) The conditional probability of h given e is commonly claimed to be equal to the probability that h would have if e were learned ...

In this paper we consider a family of sampling designs for which increasing first-order inclusion probabilities imply, in a specific sense, increasing conditional inclusion probabilities. It is proved ...

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Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. Writes about the future of finance and technology, follow for more. Joint probability teaches us to calculate combined outcomes.