Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a mechanism of energy transfer that is widely utilized in biological experiments such as molecular structure examination. It is often referred to as a ...

The aerospace and electronics industries have long applied computational models to not only design airplanes and chips, but also to simulate and optimize their performance. There have, until recently, ...

In the early days of the semiconductor industry, integrated circuits were designed by one or two engineers with slide-rules, hand-drawn on paper, and then given to a lithographer to print onto silicon ...